The Yokosuka E14Y, known as the Glen by Allied forces, was a reconnaissance seaplane utilized by the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War II.
This aircraft was transported and launched from Japanese submarine aircraft carriers, including the I-25.
The Japanese Navy designated it as the Type 0 Small Reconnaissance Seaplane.
During the Pacific War, the E14Y was employed for various Japanese reconnaissance missions.
On 26 February 1942, an E14Y was launched from the I-25 off the northern tip of King Island in Bass Strait, Victoria, Australia, on a reconnaissance flight over the Port of Melbourne.
The pilot and observer/gunner were airborne for three hours, successfully flying over Port Phillip Bay and observing the ships at anchor off Melbourne before returning to land on its floats beside the submarine.
The aircraft was then winched aboard and disassembled.
The E14Y is the only Japanese aircraft to have flown over New Zealand during World War II.
On 8 March 1942, Warrant Officer Nobuo Fujita photographed the Allied build-up in Wellington harbour in a “Glen” launched from the I-25.
On 13 March, he flew over Auckland before the I-25 proceeded to Australia.
On the night of 24/25 May, Warrant Officer Susumo Ito flew a “Glen” over Auckland from the I-21.
Just days later, in the same aircraft, Ito flew the reconnaissance flight preceding the sole Japanese attack on Sydney Harbour, in which 21 seamen were killed when HMAS Kuttabul sank on 1 June 1942.
Type A1 submarine I-9 was caught off the New Zealand coast in early 1943; however, no Japanese aircraft was observed, and any records of overflights were lost when the submarine was sunk.
The E14Y also holds the distinction of being the only submarine-based aircraft to have dropped bombs on the United States during World War II, in an incident known as The Lookout Air Raid.
On 9 September 1942, Chief Warrant Officer Nobuo Fujita, a pilot in the Japanese Imperial Navy, and his crewman, Petty Officer Shoji Okuda, surfaced in submarine I-25 off the coast of Oregon near Brookings.
The seaplane had folding wings and was transported in a watertight capsule attached to the deck of the submarine.
The bombs – 76 kg (168 lb) incendiaries intended to cause forest fires – caused no injuries or significant damage.
A total of 126 E14Ys were produced.
Specifications
Crew
2
Length
8.54 m (28 ft 0 in)
Wingspan
11 m (36 ft 1 in)
Height
3.8 m (12 ft 6 in)
Wing area
19 m2 (200 sq ft)
Empty weight
1,119 kg (2,467 lb)
Gross weight
1,450 kg (3,197 lb)
Max take-off weight
1,600 kg (3,527 lb)
Powerplant
1 × Hitachi GK2 Tempu 12,
9-cylinder air-cooled radial piston engine,
250 kW (340 hp) for take-off
224 kW (300 hp) at sea level
Propellers
2-bladed wooden propeller
Performance
Maximum speed
246 km/h (153 mph, 133 kn) at sea level
Cruise speed
167 km/h (104 mph, 90 kn) at 1,000 m (3,281 ft)
Range
881 km (547 mi, 476 nmi)
Service ceiling
5,240 m (17,190 ft)
Time to altitude
3,000 m (9,843 ft) in 10 minutes 11 seconds
Wing loading
76.3 kg/m2 (15.6 lb/sq ft)
Power/mass
0.1749 kW/kg (0.1064 hp/lb)
Armament
Guns
1× flexible, rearward-firing 7.7 mm (0.303 in) Type 92 machine gun for the observer
Bombs
2× 76 kg (168 lb) bombs (various).
Sources Japanese Aircraft, 1910-1941-Robert Mikesh & Shorzoe Abe The Mainichi Newspapers Co Ltd Yushukan War Memorial Museum Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War-Rene Francillon, Japanese Aircraft-John Stroud, Japanese Military Aircraft Illustrated.
